Editorial Cartoon NFL tragedy by Rob Tornoe

Publication Cartoon NFL catastrophe by Rob Tornoe Presenting the Event Depicted in the Cartoon The animation viable gives an image of the ghastly debacle happened to Japanese individuals who lost everything. The disaster has removed a huge number of lives and has denied a great many individuals of home.Advertising We will compose a custom exploration paper test on Editorial Cartoon NFL catastrophe by Rob Tornoe explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More In the animation, the craftsman attempts to delineate the response of others to this disaster and show how play different issues are contrasting with the sufferings experienced by the Japanese individuals. While looking at tidal wave fiasco and NFL fans’ concerns, Tornoe has figured out how to render the size of calamity just as unconcern of others with the issue (n. p.). The animation depends on the occasion that occurred on March 11, 2011 when about 30â 000 individuals kicked the bucket and got to the rundown of the missing. Full demolition and catastrophic even t has all the earmarks of being one of the horrendous occasions throughout the entire existence of humanity. In any case, what is all the more alarming is people’s lack of concern to this disaster and hesitance to help and comprehend different people’s sufferings except if this catastrophe influences them. Tornoe picks a precarious way to deal with passing on a humorous character of the animation. Specifically, while presenting various settings inside a picture and relating two totally various occasions as far as significance and significance, the craftsman means to completely uncover the substance of people’s disposition towards the catastrophe just as the measures they take to help. Moreover, Tornoe additionally utilizes incongruity while contrasting two distinct understandings of â€Å"tragedy† for the Japanese and for the American. Data about Title, Artist, and Subject of the Cartoon Providing a Detailed Description and Analytical Summary The animatio n viable is called NFL disaster whose creator is Rob Tornoe, an extraordinary political sketch artist. The image uncovers his own vision of the occasions occurred in Japan and the manner in which the worldwide network responded to this calamity and communicated its reluctance to be required into salvage activities and measures dispensing with the outcomes of the disaster. While investigating the animation, one can see two figures, one speaking to the Japanese individuals and another from the United States. The main individual looks frantic and defenseless in light of the fact that he lost his home and land since everything was demolished by the tremor. The subsequent figure is an American remaining close to Japanese, however is minimal worried about what is happening around him. He appears not to think much about the house consuming just as about piles of remnants he is remaining on. With some drink in his left hand and a â€Å"Fun Number One† glove in his correct hand, the A merican is by all accounts progressively on edge about other problems.Advertising Looking for research paper on craftsmanship and structure? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More His appearance, all things considered, exhibits that the NFL fan doesn't understand the level of pulverizations and disturbances; all he needs to know is whether his preferred group is going to play next season. Number 7 on the fan’s T-shirt is another significant detail that can't be left without consideration. The number just features that neither the Japanese nor the American is fortunate in his own way, which puts a mocking accent on the animation. Subtleties encompassing individuals matter much too on the grounds that they underscore the response of the figures to the catastrophe. The house consuming in the left corner, the messed up PC existing in the trash †these are everything that encompass the Japanese and the American. There isn't a thing that isn't influenced by torrent, with the exception of the fan. While taking a gander at the NFL fan, the inquiry concerning what is extremely significant goes to the forward. Fan’s association into the issues of the League doesn't just demonstrate NFL approaches of the proprietors and players, however show how significant fans are for the two sides to increase money related advantages. Clarifying Quotations The statements clarify how every individual comprehends the significance of the word â€Å"tragedy†. Henceforth, the Japanese, the casualty of the tremor, says â€Å"Tsunami annihilated all that I possessed. It’s a tragedy†. As opposed to this reaction, NFL fan says, â€Å"Speaking about disaster, did you know there may be no NFL games next season?†. The two articulations demonstrate what a disaster intends to every individual. These contrastive responses to the issue cause the watchers to comprehend various degrees of catastrophe just as how irrelevant NFL disaster is contrasted with the debacle happened to the Japanese individuals. It additionally shows that the fan couldn't care less about the misery and torments experienced by the Japan since he has never managed losing his home and land. Would he care much about his preferred group if his home was decimated? Absence of this experience forestalls â€Å"Number 7† from understanding the genuine sizes of the fiasco. The Thesis and the Main Idea of the Cartoon The artist’s Thesis In the animation, the creator renders the possibility of people’s lack of concern to the catastrophe occurred just as aloofness and hesitance of individuals to enable the Japanese individuals to conquer the natural fiasco and comprehend the real significance of disaster. Deciphering the Details of the Cartoon to Explain the Thesis Particular consideration ought to be paid to the persons’ nervousness and concerned communicated and the manner in which they get d isaster and sadness. The house consuming and the vestiges encompassing the fan don't influence him; he is as yet engaged with their issues and worries with the following period of NFL games. Simultaneously, one can see the edginess and stun of the Japanese who is at a misfortune and who doesn't have the foggiest idea what should be possible to comprehend his problem.Advertising We will compose a custom exploration paper test on Editorial Cartoon NFL catastrophe by Rob Tornoe explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Providing Supporting Evidence for Supplementing the Artist’s Evidence indeed, detestable pictures of the fiasco and loathsome experience of the Japanese individuals is unspeakable and exceptional with different inconsequentialities and schedules of life. In reality, the image shows one piece of the issue and it isn't hard to envision what outcomes this catastrophe has had for humankind and indigenous habitat. McCurry thinks about terrible results that the quake can have, including groundwater tainting, spread of toxic abdomen, and exacerbation of the effectively basic environmental circumstance (837). The creator discusses the Indian Ocean tidal waves happened a long time before the wave in Japan. It was less terrible, however the harms it brought are as yet unmistakable. In this regard, one can't envision what mischief has been finished by the seismic tremor in torrent. The atomic plant breakdown isn't just worry of the Japanese government, however the worry of the world associations, as the results are presently being experienced by numerous nations on the planet. Inconceivability to comprehend the genuine sizes of the disturbances can likewise be clarified by people’s absence of contribution into this disaster. Tedjasukmana gives the perusers a genuine image of wave tremors just as the dangers they comprise to humankind (23). The creator likewise underlines the need to communicate more worries with everything occurring on the planet since it can at some point or another influence them in future. Subsequently, numbness produces more obliviousness, yet individuals ought not hold up until the issue impacts them. Individuals ought to likewise understand that debacles are not simply displays or shows to watch. Living in the period of TV and media, society can stay up to date with everything that occurs on the planet, yet this mindfulness doesn't add to its general government assistance. In this regard, individuals ought to revaluate their view on the job of TV; they ought to comprehend that it serves not as a hotspot for engaging and stunning exhibitions while revealing unpleasant debacles, chivalrous safeguards and houses consuming and destroying (Mutter 693).Advertising Searching for research paper on workmanship and plan? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More In actuality, they should utilize TV take comparing measures for wiping out the results of the catastrophe and staying human in basic circumstances. Lack of interest to what exactly is going on the planet is likewise splendidly delineated in the animation under examination. It completely reflects people’s numbness, chilliness, and unconcern with different people’s issues. In this regard, one can reason that globalization supports egocentrism and gives more motivating forces to narcissistic procedures. Catastrophe in Japan, thusly, ought not be considered as an occasion as introduced by media channels, however a procedure, a disaster, and a main part of terrible ramifications for society. While proceeding with the topic of media and its job in conveying data to society, Sandomir’s article unveils data about NFL arrange just as the manner in which it is affected by TV channels (n. p.). Bogus data and wrong translation of realities can critically affect society, esp ecially on its impression of the occasions occurring on the planet. Expanding thoughtfulness regarding certain occasions and subtleties make individuals set aside other progressively critical realities. Being taught by the media, individuals can't understand the real issues and fiascos until they experience it. What's more, Sandomir underscores the contrary ramifications for individuals who aimlessly follow the bogus messages conveyed by the media channels. Mutilating and tainting the truth, media looks to

Personalised Writing Paper - What Should You Put In An Envelope?

Personalised Writing Paper - What Should You Put In An Envelope?Personalised writing paper is a great gift idea for any occasion. Whether you're looking for something for a birthday, a wedding, or a party, there's an envelope to fit every occasion. The advantage to having them delivered to your home is that they can be custom made with whatever message you wish. The great thing about this gift is that it's always a surprise.If you decide to get the paper mailed to you, make sure that you pay attention to the address label on the envelope. Some postal services will use a label that has your name and address written on it. Make sure that the address is correct when you get the package. Other services will have a generic address label on it which doesn't have your name on it.Next, check to see if there are two envelopes in the box. If there are, it is probably from a local post office. This type of mail generally has a lower quality paper. However, there is a chance that it's just a reg ular one because it is a bulk mail, which means that it contains much larger amounts of mail than other post is sent.If it does have bulk mail in it, the envelope may be full of such large envelopes of paper that it may be impossible to read the address label or the wording on the paper. It is a very common problem and I hope you don't have to deal with it but it is definitely a possibility.If you can, try and avoid getting such bulk mail envelope. It's better to have someone write a note or even draw up something on the paper. Write on paper is easier to read, especially if you've got an eye for handwriting.At this point, you need to figure out what to do when you get the package. Get to the post office and fill out the shipping declaration form with the address and all of the details. Make sure that you include the postal fees and also the cost of the envelope.Remember to put the right envelope in the box. Many people leave their address label in the box but they don't actually pu t the address on the address label. This is a very bad idea because then you can't get the gift. Plus, you could send it out and find out that it wasn't delivered because you left the address on the wrong envelope.The important thing here is to put the address label on the address label. If you can, leave the envelope in the box but not the address label.

Freedom Rider Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Opportunity Rider - Essay Example It might be that we are in neediness all things considered, we were once slaves. Our progenitors left us without any wealth to acquire and no grounds to guarantee yet their inheritance remains shallow: our opportunity to voice out what we feel and think. This inheritance has been achieved by the historical backdrop of our kin who have been troubled by issues, for example, servitude and mistreatment but we have decided to ascend from our conditions. Our history has made us solid and driving forward notwithstanding snags and in the midst of emergencies. All these we acquired from our predecessors and with every one of these properties that I have called into mind, I approach you not to fear for my life in my support of the opportunity rides. Like our predecessors, I am solid, I will continue on, I will transcend our partial conditions, for the primary explanation that I need to voice out what I feel and believe is correct. Being a â€Å"freedom rider† is a mystery or some likeness thereof. As you would know as of now, we will ride interstate transports into the isolated southern United States. I guarantee you that we’re not riding with the progression of recent developments, that is, were not simply riding on the issue about isolation in the south just to get mileage. Rather, what we truly expect to do is to rock the boat of having racially isolated sitting areas and terminals. In spite of the fact that we realize that we face capture by specialists and potential assaults from crowds, we decide to retaliate with peacefulness and stubborn assurance. We pick not simply to go over our social conditions, for example, racial predisposition and treachery, yet we decide to be over the individuals who have battled with much carnage and viciousness, exactly in light of the fact that we have opportunity. We are allowed to pick our objectives and our way to accomplish those objectives, and we decide to be quiet simply like numerous who have preceded us. This is a learning experience for me as it is a learning experience for our general public. Our very ways will show society that the end doesn’t essentially legitimize the methods. On my part, I want to figure it out

Cross-Cultural Essay Samples

Cross-Cultural Essay SamplesThere are various cross-cultural essay samples available in the internet and bookstores. This article is going to give you the basic information on different sample texts and samples that you can use to practice the topics you want to study. Though it can be hard to find a good book to help you out, there are many websites that provide interesting text for you to read. Most of the sample essays you will find online come from schools and colleges.Theses are not entirely standardized as there are some changes that are made for the international education literature courses. In fact there are many examples that can be found in American English Literature. Here is a brief information about these samples:You may wonder what it means by this sample. This is because you can find these sample texts online that have real grammar and content written by native English writers. These sample essays are usually quite interesting and one can even develop a taste for writ ing such essays.Some of the essay samples can be helpful in the general perspective as well. Most people get to the point well and there are some different sorts of stories and descriptions of historical events. This will help you in analyzing historical event and might even help you develop your own style. These are also very good if you want to write a few historical essays.The other common type of essay that comes with these samples is the political science essay. This one is quite famous and is frequently seen in classroom discussions. This is also a good idea if you have decided to study politics in college.Although these sample essays are great, sometimes you may need to learn how to write a good sample essay. You will need to understand what you are doing, the structure of the paper and what you want to accomplish with the essay. This means that you should know your topic and the format of the paper. It also requires practice to see whether you will be able to do the whole es say yourself or if you will need someone else to help you.While you are taking these samples, you will find several tips on how to improve your cross-cultural essay. For example, you may find some tips that help you write a better essay. These samples are available online for free, so if you think you are good at writing, then go ahead and use them. Remember that these sample essays are often used in class discussions and you will need to be able to practice writing for several papers.

The Cause And Effect Of Maintaining A Personal Budget

The topic I chose for my research is the cause and effect of maintaining a personal budget. This is the department in which most of the people struggle a lot to manage it effectively. Therefore, the aim of this study is to aware other people as well that how it could affect them in many ways if they are not maintaining their personal budgets. The personal budget will help people in many ways as it has many pros in maintaining a budget. The personal budget maintenance requires trickiness as the main tactic in the people to reap the great benefits of maintaining a personal budget. The personal budget can help the people in knowing the money movements in their life by noticing their incoming and outgoing money balances. This also helps in knowing the expenditure details and how much money needs to be managed for better allocation of funds. This can be performed by preparing a budget plan. Introduction A budget is a plan of the spending with limited money over a particular period of time. A personal budget is a financial plan for allocating future personal income towards the expenses, savings and towards the debt repayments. For creating a personal budget, past spending and personal debts are considered to have an effective planned spending. Without a personal budget, the money will be spent on unimportant stuff. The effects of not keeping a personal budget will lead to take loans to fulfill the requirements and in emergency needs. The strict budget plan tends to release extraShow MoreRelatedEssay On Flat Tax971 Words   |  4 PagesWhen reconfiguring both personal and corporate income tax structures, the first decision lawmakers must approach is choosing whether to establish a flat income tax or a system with graduated tax rates based on levels of income. Unlike many of its peer states, which have flat corporate tax structures, Iowa has a graduated corporate tax rate with four brackets based on income levels. This system theoretically creates a more equitable outcome for taxpaying companies, and allows smaller businesses toRead MoreAmericas War on Drugs - The Prison Industrial Complex Essay911 Words   |  4 Pagesthe devastating effect it has had on those in prison and the family members of those incarcerated. With Canadas Prime Minister Stephan Harper and his Conservative approach to follow in our bordering neighbors foot sets with the Safe Streets and Communities Act, and his get tough on crime approach Canadians are entering dangerous territory. America government is now warning the Canadian people that these harsher and more punitive laws against the war on drugs will only cause greater damage toRead MoreAnalyzing The Stock Market Crash1097 Words   |  5 Pages2013. Currently the national debt is approximately 18.5 trillion dollars (usdebtclock.org). National debt refers to direct liabilities of the United States Government. It is an issue that effects programs such as Social Security to the operations of the National Parks. If congress cannot decide on a budget the government shuts down, meaning that social security will not be spend out checks to those who are expecting it, and the national parks will shut down. The general population should be concernedRead MoreSolving The Foreclosure Crisis Of The United States1018 Words   |  5 PagesIn 2007, a set of financial circumstances created an economic downturn in the United States. While the root cause of this downturn is still widely debated, one thing is certain, one of the results of this mess was that a large number of people who had been homeowners found themselves facing foreclosure and financial collapse on a personal level. Since that time, buying a home has become a much different proposition. 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The major fitness chains are also able to provide both clients and personal trainers with the most modernRead MoreHarmony at the Workplace: Wage Negotiations between Labor Unions and the Management1352 Words   |  5 Pagestime employees and management are able to work cohesively to accomplish common goals; however, this relationship can become contentious as conflicts arise between the employees desire for better benefits and the companys desire to adhere to their budget. Due to this delicate nature of the employee-management relationship, labor unions have been put in place to negotiate benefits and work conditions on behalf of the employees. In the case of the sample company negotiating pay rates, the union hasRead MoreAlternative Options For Securing Family Foods Grocery Store Essay1244 Words   |  5 Pagesoptions in securing Family Foods grocery store. I had the pleasure of reviewing critical informat ion about the establishment and have organized a beneficial plan to upgrade the security system to perform at an optimal level. In addition to maintaining the budget requirements set, the weakest points among the organization will be addressed. Upgrading the system software and physical security, creating an information security policy, improving the employment hiring process, and controlling access toRead MoreEvaluating the Ethics of Deicit Spending Using Haidt’s Six Ethical Principles958 Words   |  4 Pages (dictionary.reference.com, 2014) In other words, it means that the government continues to increase spending when we already owe more than a trillion dollars. Throughout this paper I will be evaluating the ethics of this topic using with my own personal opinion along with Haidt’s six ethical principles. (moralfoundations.org, 2014) I will also explore the strengths and weaknesses of my argument using articles from the Washington Post and CBS news that support reduced government deficit spending

Bus 401 Mod 3 Case - 1108 Words

TUI University BUS 401 Case Study Module 3 Dr. Yi Ling Abstract Outsourcing occurs when a company either buys products or services from outside sources or sends work to outside contractors versus doing it themselves. There are several advantages and disadvantages to outsourcing to include cost savings, sharing risk and developing better leaders internally. There are also some disadvantages like lack of quality control, loss of some management functions and losing the ability to build well rounded leaders in all aspects of the company. In a country like Iraq, the United States military is outsourcing many occupations in an effort to rebuild the Iraqi economy and eliminate the need for military presence at the same time†¦show more content†¦The second advantage is the shared risks associated with outsourcing. If there are five different companies each producing one piece of an object or item to make a whole item, if something happens to one of the firms like filing for bankruptcy, the entire operation doesn’t suffer, only that o ne piece of the whole product. An example is a financial profile. I have in the Army what is called the Thrift Savings Program, like a civilian 401k. There are five different investment options and I elected to put 30% of my contributions into one fund, 30% in another, and then 40% in yet another. If one of those funds start going south, it is my hope that the other two compensate the first one. The third advantage is being able to outsource work when the need for production rises. Instead of having to hire additional employees to augment the increase in labor, a company will have a set staff and then when the need arises, they will hire out for the additional work to be completed. The fourth advantage to outsourcing is that it can help develop internal staff. As I stated in the advantage above, outsourcing projects help meet performance peaks, but it can also assist in completing projects that are nearing the end of its requirements. What this does is allow the company staff to focus on new initiatives thatShow MoreRelatedComputer Networking: a Top-Down Approach Featuring the Internet, 4th Edition - Solutions to Review Questions and Problems27823 Words   |  112 Pagespolitely cancel the engagement if they have reasonable excuses. 3. A networking program usually has two programs, each running on a different host, communicating with each other. The program that initiates the communication is the client. Typically, the client program requests and receives services from the server program. 4. 1. Dial-up modem over telephone line: residential; 2. DSL over telephone line: residential or small office; 3. Cable to HFC: residential; 4. 100 Mbps switched Etherent: company;Read MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pages658.3—dc23 2011038674 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ISBN 10: 0-13-283487-1 ISBN 13: 978-0-13-283487-2 Brief Contents Preface xxii 1 2 Introduction 1 What Is Organizational Behavior? 3 The Individual 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Diversity in Organizations 39 Attitudes and Job Satisfaction 69 Emotions and Moods 97 Personality and Values 131 Perception and Individual Decision Making 165 Motivation Concepts 201 Motivation: From Concepts to Applications 239 3 The Group 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 FoundationsRead More_x000C_Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis355457 Words   |  1422 Pagespermission to use material from this text or product, submit a request online at http://www.thomsonrights.com. Any additional questions about permissions can be submitted by e-mail to thomsonrights@thomson.com. Printed in the United States of America 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 11 10 09 08 07 ExamView  ® and ExamView Pro  ® are registered trademarks of FSCreations, Inc. Windows is a registered trademark of the Microsoft Corporation used herein under license. Macintosh and Power Macintosh are registered trademarks of AppleRead MoreHsc General Math Textbook with Answers153542 Words   |  615 Pagescylinders and spheres Volume of composite solids 57 Errors in measurement 63 Chapter summary 67 Multiple-choice questions 68 Short-answer questions 69 Algebraic skills and techniques 71 33 33 Chapter 2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 52 Chapter 3 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 Substitution and evaluation 71 Adding and subtracting like terms 75 Multiplying and dividing of algebraic terms Equations 84 Solving equations after substitution 91 Changing the subject of the formula 96 Scientific notation

To His Coy Mistress Annotated free essay sample

The article analyzes the use of irony and Biblical allusion in the poem To His Coy Mistress to argue that sexual intensity is the righteous way to triumph over mortality. Marvell used different examples to portray his love towards the mistress (such as the flood and the judgment day). The author give details why and what Marvell thinks when he decided to choose these but not anything else, in his opinion. As well, he talks about the poets belief that sexual intensity obliterates ones awareness of time and reasons self-consciousness. Furthermore, D’Avanzo clarifies the equation of sexual pleasure to earthly salvation expressed in the poem. He concludes that these allusions built a strong bond with the theme of the poem, which also increases probability to convince the mistress. I’m always curious about the Biblical allusions referred in the poem. Maybe because I’m not a catholic, this makes the poem hard for me to understand when I analyze poem’s meaning. I found this helpful and can strengthen my essay body a lot when I write about the use of To His Coy Mistress’s Biblical allusion in specific. These allusions help to increase the value and the strength of the poem. Besides that, these connect to the time and theme in the poem by describing a(n) (assumed specific) period of time. I’d use and define it as the measurement lengthwise of time beside the measurement lengthwise of space (the distance between the speaker and mistress). 2. Duyfhuizen, Bernard. Textual Harassment of Marvells Coy Mistress: The Institutionalization of Masculine Criticism. In this article, Bernard Duyfhuizen writes about the Feminist Criticism in general, and gives many specific examples, such as Feminist Criticism in Hamlet and To His Coy Mistress. He explains in detail how the result of Feminist Criticism affects readers’ emotion through one of the main characters, yet the invisible one – the mistress. Moreover, this section compares To His Coy Mistress to other poems which have the same idea about the men and women’s position and situation in a period time. He talks about the way those thing changes throughout many decades. Focus on To His Coy Mistress again, Duyfhuizen analyses Marvell’s word choice – why he used these words, and how they changes readers’ observation, thinking, and feeling towards the mistress and the speaker in this poem. My essay will focus on Feminism. I found this article remarkable and had much valuable information about Feminist Criticism. Besides discussing Feminism generally, it references Feminism in To His Coy Mistress as an example. I’d use it to support my paragraph’s thesis about Feminism in To His Coy Mistress by Marvell. Also, some words are dedicated to the mistress in the poem, which I’d like to discus in the essay body. Quotes from this article will support my evaluation of Marvell word choice. 3. Reiff, Raychel Haugrud. Marvells to His Coy Mistress. Explicator 60. 4 (2002): 169. Print. Specific attention is given to the poems use of first and second person pronouns. Reiff suggests that their use is to develop the poems tone as well as the relationship with the mistress featured in the work. She also examines the shift between singular and plural nouns and how this impacts the relationship between the speaker and the mistress. She shows that different pronoun used in different spot in the poem brings different emotion and effect to the readers. She wraps up her article with the conclusion, â€Å"Marvell carefully chooses his pronouns to help the speaker seduce his coy lady† (198). To His Coy Mistress by Marvell shifts from the first and second person back and forward throughout the poem, which is, as well, interesting. I notice this poem seems to be a one-way conversation between the speaker and silent mistress. Most sentences contain both first and second person pronouns. Or else, Marvell turns the readers into the mistress in verses when he used second person mostly. He’s looking for the sympathy in readers’ thinking. I found it makes the poem even stronger when both pronouns support each other in sentences, and Marvell uses them in purpose. Along with the article above, this article will support my Marvell’s word choice paragraph. Marvells to His Coy Mistress. Explicator. 36. 2 (1994): 15-16. Print. In this article, Mark Taylor highlights the changed pronominal form in the second stanza of Marvells To His Coy Mistress. Taylor also points out the purposeful appearance of the interchangeable use of â€Å"thou† and â€Å"you† in stanza one. In addition, he comments on the words that foretell the sudden loss of intimacy as the lover contemplates the total anonymity his mistress will achieve in death. He analyses in depth and connects those changes to Marvell’s society at that time. And lastly, he gives an idea why Marvell decides to use â€Å"your† in line 29 instead of â€Å"thy† (which Marvell has been using throughout the poem). Most â€Å"your† used in the poem were written as â€Å"thy. † It’s because this is an old poem many decades ago. Besides, â€Å"thy† and some more words considered as Old English appear in this poem. But then, Marvell shift from â€Å"thy† to â€Å"your† in line 29. Why doesn’t he use â€Å"thy† till the end? Is he waiting for a change in the mistress, as he shifts from â€Å"old English† to â€Å"new English? † This article will go into word choice paragraph.

Powers Of Ched Essays - Higher Education In The Philippines

Powers Of Ched I. Introduction Under Article XIV of the Constitution of the Philippines specifically under Sec. 1 states that The State shall protect and promote the right of all citizens to quality education at all levels and shall take appropriate steps to make such education accessible to all. This means that every citizen whether at Level 1, 2 or 3 shall be entitled to quality education and that the government should take actions to ensure that this right from the constitution that is granted to the citizen will not be infringed and that quality education will be provided and accessible to all. To ensure that quality education is given to the citizens of the Philippines, the government had vested its powers to different administrative agency to make sure that this right granted to the citizens will not be infringed. The Department of Education for Culture and Sports (DECS) is an example of an administrative agency that was created to ensure that quality education is given to the citizens at all levels. In 1994, the commission on Higher Education (CHED) was created to govern mainly the higher education or otherwise known as the tertiary education. The Commission is a body independent and separate from the DECS, and attached to the Office of the President for administrative purposes only. Its coverage shall be both public and private institutions of higher education as well as degree-granting programs in all post secondary educational institutions, public and private. As a Commission created to govern the higher education, it follows the mission of gearing higher education towards the pursuit of better quality of life for all Filipinos by emphasizing the acquisition of knowledge and formation of those skills necessary to make individual a productive member of society. It shall accelerate the development of high-level professionals who will search for new knowledge, and provide leadership in the various disciplines required by a dynamic and self assuring economy. In short, the mission of the CHED is what is stated in Sec. 1 of Article XIV of the constitution, which is to provide quality education to the citizens and make education accessible to the citizens. In Sec. 2 of RA 7722, the same is mentioned. The state shall protect, foster, promote the right of all citizens to affordable quality education at all levels and shall take appropriate steps to ensure that education shall be accessible to all. The State shall likewise ensure and protect academic freedom and shall promote its exercise and observance for the continuing intellectual growth, the advancement of learning and research, the development of responsible and effective leadership, the education of high-level and middle-level professionals and the enrichment of our historical and cultural heritage. State-supported institutions of higher learning shall gear their programs to national, regional or local development plans. Finally, all institutions of higher learning shall exemplify through their physical and natural surrounding the dignity and beauty of as well as their pride in, the intellectual and scholarly life. In short, the main mission or goal of the CHED is what is stated in Sec 1 of Article XIV of the constitution, which is to provide quality education to the public and to ensure its accessibility to all. Moreover, to achieve Sec. 2 of RA 7722, which is to ensure quality and accessible education, powers are granted to the CHED. Some powers which are obtained transitory from the DECS, meaning the powers of DECS in governing tertiary education are transferred to the CHED. This is in Sec. 18 of RA 7722. Such personnel, properties, assets and liabilities, functions and responsibilities of the Bureau of Higher education, including those for higher and tertiary education and degree-granting vocational and technical programs in the regional offices, under the DECS and other government entities having function similar to those of the Commission are herby transferred to the Commission. From this it is established that the powers that were once granted to DECS in governing the tertiary education are hereby transferred to the CHED. To ensure accessibility of education, one of the most prominent factor will be the tuition fee. The rate at which the tuition fee is established will determine the accessibility of the school, thereby to ensure accessibility for students, tuitions fees should be regulated

Human Resource Analysis Of Air National The WritePass Journal

Human Resource Analysis Of Air National Introduction Human Resource Analysis Of Air National Introduction Issues affecting AN’s business strategy shiftKey human resource planning issuesModels of human resource management that best fit AN’s approachesConclusionReferences Related Introduction Air National, Europes largest airline company, dominated other carriers in the 1980s onward onto the late 1990s aided by a highly regulated civil aviation market in which competition was managed through harmonious inter-airline, competitor, and government relationships, which enabled the domination of markets by national carriers including AN. The mid 1980s however saw a change in AN’s fortunes with its privatization in 1986 amidst prolonged economic recession and deregulation of the civil aviation industry in Europe and North America. These changes reduced the old corporations potential political influence, and necessitated a restructuring to make the company attractive to sceptical investors which entailed downsizing of assets and workforce, an endeavour which required the planning and implementation of a new set of business and human resource management strategies. This paper investigates AN’s competitive and HR strategy basing its analysis on relevant theories. Human resource management is an approach to the management of an organizations employees both individually and collectively (its workforce), as valued assets contributing to the attainment of its objectives (Purcell 2003). Its main responsibilities are the selection, training, assessment and rewarding of employees and oversight on the organizations leadership and culture. The primary focus of the human resource theories and practice is the aligning of people and organizations better for their mutual benefit (Purcell 2005). Issues affecting AN’s business strategy shift The issues that necessitated a change in AN’s competitive strategy and the re-engineering of the company include external factors such as the prolonged recession, deregulation in the civil aviation industry, the heightening of the industry-wide price wars with the emergence of discount airlines and a costly battle for market share, and the effect of terrorism which has had a huge adverse effect on international air travel; as well as, internal factors such as its privatization, huge debts, labour costs, and resultant losses. These factors affected AN’s business and it therefore had to find new ways to better its competitive advantage so as to sustain itself and maintain its market share in both domestic and international passenger traffic. AN’s initial transformation strategy seeking to adopt a low-cost competitive structure failed forcing a change to the differentiation (â€Å"added-value†) strategy which entails the prioritization of high quality customer service and the reorganization of management structure with greater focus on operational issues, and the launch of its discount airline operated as a separate company, to cover market demand for discount airlines. The improvement of HR policies at Air National to better manage its staff contributing to its improved performance can be applied to John Storeys distinguishing features relating to people management (Storey 1989), broadly categorized into four outlines distinguishing the various elements. Among these outlines is the beliefs and assumptions which characterize ANs HR policies which are focused on business need with values placed on the objectives of the company rather than on customs, procedures and norms, characteristic of personnel management and industrial relations (Storey 1989). AN’s restructuring features a heightened focus on the customer-first programme which prompted reviews of their employee management and customer interface to enhance this focus. This new strategy entails renewed emphasis on empowerment of employees and their commitment, with the foundation being its recognition that being a service industry, its people are its most important asset on which its survi val depends upon. Conflicts within the company are de-emphasized with managers required to give up control adopting shared power, a consensus approach to decision making which seeks to enhance employee participation and thereby improve their performance. This restructuring also entailed the removal of demarcations between craft groups with consequent reorganization into integrated workgroups and multi-skilled teams with harmonized functions enhancing focus on operational issues and key tasks rather than on rules, customs and management direction inherent in its earlier structure. In the strategic aspects outline (Storey 1989), key relations within AN are integrated to focus on the â€Å"customer-first† strategy, AN’s central corporate plan, with the scrapping of hitherto detached piecemeal initiatives characterizing its old structure. The application of the line management outline with regard to managerial role applies to the management of AN transformed through its new visionary leaders focused on the new strategic shift, which differs from its initial form of management which was mainly transactional and focused on demarcations of duties and responsibilities (Storey 1989). Management was re-focused on route divisions each led by a general manager with authority over business development and particularly, marketing. A prized management skill (Storey 1989) in the new structure was facilitation of employees towards the realization of overall objectives, with the company investing on training programs for senior management based on the importance of trust, motivation and visionary leadership. Looking at the key levers outline in John Storey’s distinguishing features (Storey 1989), AN initiated a profit-related pay system in its transformed strategy so as to motivate its staff better, enhance their performance, job engagement and commitment, ensuring that employees are rewarded for their input, skill levels and competence (Purcell 2005). This pay strategy was reached at through comprehensive consultations with the union to which senior management has developed an open relationship and strategic partnerships, characterized by team briefings and regular formal consultation meetings with its representatives. Communication in AN’s new structure is increased with the encouragement of consensus building and joint decision making which further enhances performance. Training and development is enhanced with investment and the institution of training series for staff and senior management on key business development issues. The companys conflict handling is also improved with wide ranging foci of attention through the engagement of unions and active involvement of management. Disputes in this new arrangement are quickly resolved through ANs management reminding its employees of the companys commitment to job security, their training and development. It is however not an entire success as much of it is left at short term truce with management often throwing money at the problem to kill the conflict, in essence postponing the issues. Key human resource planning issues Human resource management overall is intended to enable an organization achieve its success through people, prime assets who give it its distinct character through a combination of intelligence, skills and expertise, the source of its capabilities essential for its long term survival (Purcell et al, 2005). Research has shown that human resource practices can significantly impact performance of a firm and therefore, ANs HRM strategies should aim to support programs that improve its organizational effectiveness through the development of deliberate policies that would characterize clear vision and integrated values (Fombrun et al, 1984). The company should also focus on its human capital management in its human resource planning as the companys success is depended upon employee input. AN’s HRM strategy should seek to ensure that the company obtains and retains a skilled, committed and motivated workforce through the assessment of the companys people need for selection, the development of the peoples capabilities through nurturing, continuous training and development overall linking them to the needs of the business (Boxall 1992). Other key issues that should be incorporated in ANs human resource planning to enhance workforce empowerment, commitment and overall company efficiency include knowledge management to enhance performance, reward management to express value for peoples contribution and competence, creation of harmonious relationships to reduce negative conflict and its effect on performance and efficiency, meeting of the diverse needs of the workforce, and bridging gaps between such plans and translated action to bring these policies to life (Sisson 1995). Models of human resource management that best fit AN’s approaches ANs approach best fits the matching model of HRM, a concept of the Michigan school (Fombrun et al, 1984) which holds that, as its name suggests, an organizations HR systems and structure should be managed in congruence with its strategy through four generic processes or functions including; selection which entails the matching of human resources to jobs; appraisal which entails performance management; rewards which are motivation schemes developed for the workforce; and, development inherent in the enhancement of the quality of employees. Also fitting is the Harvard framework model founded by the Harvard school (the fathers of HRM), which has its basis on the demand for a broad, comprehensive and strategic perspectives, laying central importance on line managers in ensuring alignment of competitive strategy with HR policies, and the importance of set policies governing workforce activities (Boxall 1992). This model recognizes a range of stakeholders and the importance of interest trade-offs, as well as, widening HRM context adding on the influence of employees among other influences. Conclusion Transformation through its re-engineering brought AN back to profitability in the first quarter of 1998 from its depth of debt in the late 1980s which is a clear testimony to the importance of strategic integration of human resource management which was the main strategy for its transformation to which this success can be attributed. AN, however, later suffered a loss in the last quarter of 2001 and first quarter of 2002 but the company endeavours is to manage the 21st century realities concerning air travel and to maintain its market share in passenger traffic both domestic and international. References Boxall, P., 1992. â€Å"Strategic HRM: A beginning, a new theoretical direction.† In: Human Resource Management Journal, 2(3), pp 61–79 Fombrun, C., N., Tichy, and M., Devanna, 1984. Strategic Human Resource Management. New York, Wiley. Purcell, J, K., Kinnie, Hutchinson, B., Rayton, and J., Swart, 2003. People and Performance: How people management impacts on organizational performance. CIPD, London. Purcell, J., K., Kinnie, Hutchinson, J., Swart, and B., Rayton. 2005. Vision and Values: Organizational culture and values as a source of competitive advantage. CIPD, London. Sisson, K., 1995. â€Å"Human resource management and the personnel function.† In J Storey (ed.) Human Resource Management: A critical text.   Routledge, London. Storey, J., 1989. â€Å"From personnel management to human resource management.† In Storey, J. (ed.) New Perspectives on Human Resource Management.   Routledge, London.

Katzs Business Strategy Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Katzs Business Strategy - Case Study Example Further, the Firms 6 mission strategies ensure that the company remains innovative to cater for the emerging needs of the customers, while also being readily accessible to help the businesses whenever they need the company’s help (Katz, Sapper & Miller, n.d.). Katz’s business strategy: â€Å"Don’t just have clients; have partnered for life† means that businesses are treated as relationship partners since they are treated in a way that makes them feel valued by the company. Katz, Sapper & Miller ensure superior customer service and client satisfaction through looking into the factors that are affecting their clients' businesses, beyond just the accounting information, and helping such businesses come up with strategies for addressing such issues. They offer superior customer service by helping the clients business understand the likely problems it could face in advance and thus prevent such problems from occurring (Ananth, n.d.). The company is interested in the success of the businesses it serves, and operates on the basis of integrity, thus serving its customers well. The managing partner ensures that there is a strict adherence to the federal regulatory and ethical requirements, through ensuring that the employees stick to the company’s code of conduct and the rules guiding the accounting, audit and tax operations, which are in line with the federal regulatory requirements (Bill, n.d.). Any differences in opinions or any impasse that might occur between clients and company consultants are addressed through negotiations, which ensure that an agreeable conclusion is reached by the parties involved. The management process of KSM, to attract high-level employees, entails a rigorous recruitment process that sifts the most talented, motivated and visionary employees, who are capable of steering the vision of the company ahead.  Ã‚  

Business and Accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Business and Accounting - Essay Example I can always listen to music conveniently while at home or at my car. Eventually, I knew I had interest in business making and saving money. For me, learning is not only a process of gaining knowledge, values and skills through formal study but from experiences in working as well. After realizing my interest in the business field, I decided to work for a few months in a company that was owned by my father's friend before going to the United States. Even by just being a receptionist, I learned that it takes a lot of diverse skills such as good communications and sensitivity of other's needs is needed to do a good job in any business. I started working for my father's company as an accounting assistant in year 2005. I was assigned in making simple statements of different accounts and doing money wire transactions to companies that we deal with. Aside from this, I learned to use information systems to track the financial performance of the company. Through work, I discovered more on the enormous potential of the business world. To develop knowledge and skills required in this world, I therefore believe that studying the Business and Economic program offered in the University of California would prepare me to become a successful businessman. I consider leadership as a significant quality that I can contribute to the Universit

The right to counsel in Native American tribal courts Essay Example for Free

The right to counsel in Native American tribal courts Essay Congress’s goal with respect to American Indians has always been at cross purposes and requires a delicate balancing act. The drive to preserve Indian heritage and the drive to assimilate or civilize the native American represent the conflicting interests Congress attempts to balance. This most obvious in the area of criminal law where congress has to apply the Federal laws which may often times conflict with tribal laws. Vincent Milani’s article The right to counsel in Native American tribal courts: tribal sovereignty and congressional control provides some valuable insight into the efforts made by congress in reconciling these conflicting interests and their consequences for the enforcement of criminal laws on native American lands. Milani takes a concise look at tribal history and the manner in which the indigenous American native resolved disputes. The author contrasts this approach against the steps taken by Congress to establish a criminal justice system in the United States that is both equitable and respectful of fundamental human rights. Milani also takes the time to demonstrate how preservation of tribal culture and customs together with the right to self-determination have been preserved as well as compromised to assimilate the native Americans within the Federal system of justice. Milani explains the difficulties for Congress in achieving these conflicting goals. The primary problem arises out of age old tribal traditions of resolving their disputes in a manner which is primarily contrary to the Constitutional mandates for a fair and public trial. (Milani, 1994) Milani writes: â€Å"Historically, these methods have varied greatly among the tribes and they have contrasted significantly with the federal judicial system in the United States.† (Milani, 1994) To start with Milani notes that tribal justice involved different cultures with different approaches to conflict management. For instance, tribes were â€Å"governed by tribal councils† or they were â€Å"controlled by military soldier or hunter regimes† who were duty bound to manage conflicts. (Milani, 1994) Other tribes were permitted to allow their â€Å"priests, prophets, religious elders† as well as â€Å"wise men† to act as peace makers. (Milani, 1994) Even family or clan members could resolve disputes and in some circumstances a â€Å"legal authority† comprised of law men could resolve come issues. (Milani, 1994) Milani offers this background information as a means of demonstrating the difficulties for Congress in preserving cultural heritage within the native American lands and reconciling that goal with comity within the Federal system. Complicating matters the Indians did not subscribe to a uniform type of criminal justice until late into the 19th century when the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) founded the Courts of Indian Offences (CFR). (Milani, 1994) The CFR was established in response to the Federal Government’s plans for: â€Å"assimilation, and their purpose was to promote acculturation on the reservations to help ‘civilize’ the Indians.† (Milani, 1994) The problem for law enforcement is in recognizing and respecting the jurisdiction of tribal courts and laws which are distinct from Federal law and outside of its jurisdiction. (Milani, 1994) Making matters worse was the implementation of the Indian Reorganization Act 1934 which represented a â€Å"major shift in Federal policy from assimilation to self-determination.† (Milane, 1994) The result was a placement of more authority in tribal rule and less authority in the BIA and a means by which tribal courts could legitimately replace the CFR system. (Milani, 1994) This is significant since the tribal judiciary are accountable to the tribal courts allowing tribes to establish their own criminal justice system. Milani points out that today Indian reservations contain close to 150 tribal courts as opposed to just 9 CFRs. (Milani, 1994) In understanding and appreciating the limited jurisdiction of law enforcement within native American lands it is necessary to understand the jurisdiction of tribal courts and criminal law. Milani’s explanation is rather insightful and informative. Tribal courts have retained a procedure and practice that essentially mirrors the historic dispute resolution mechanism which distinguishes it from the formalities of the State and Federal system of justice. (Milani, 1994) Moreover, the Federal government indorses this practice by providing for statutory funding of tribal courts under the Indian Tribal Justice Act 1993. (Milani, 1994) In the final analysis, Indians have sustained â€Å"inherent powers of limited sovereignty which has never been extinguished.† (Milani, 1994) By this method of organization the tribal courts exercise jurisdiction â€Å"over crimes committed on tribal lands by one† native over another. (Milani, 1994) However, major crimes fall under Federal laws although the penalties are limited in respect of native American convictions. (Milani, 1994) Be that as it may, the tribal courts will not have jurisdiction over crimes committed in tribal territories by â€Å"non-Indians.† (Milani, 1994) The greatest difficulty for law enforcement is the establishing jurisdiction over crimes allegedly committed in tribal territory. To start with it is necessary to determine whether or not the crime was committed by a non-Indian. This would necessarily involve a taxing background search which would consume time and money. In the end, should the suspect be determined to have been Indian time and money would have been thrown away at great expense to the criminal justice system. In this way, Milani’s article is of great interest to those who advocate against delayed justice. It is therefore entirely unnecessary to permit such disparaging application of criminal laws within a criminal justice jurisdiction. The most viable solution would be the introduction of a blanket jurisdiction as in state and county boundaries. Given Congress’ desire to preserve Indian culture and to implement some measure of criminal accountability it should adapt a different course. For instance, if a crime is committed within tribal jurisdiction, unless it violates Federal law, it should be for the jurisdiction of that tribe whether or not the suspect is Indian. Bibliography Milani, Vincent. (1994) â€Å"The right to counsel in Native American tribal courts: tribal sovereignty and congressional control.† American Criminal Law Review Vol. 31, 1279-1299

As I Lay Dying Essays: The Dysfunctional Family :: As I Lay Dying Essays

After reading As I Lay Dying, I was unsettled by something. It wasn't the plot, although As I Lay Dying had a singularly bizarre storyline. During the action of the novel a mother dies, and her family embarks upon a disaster ridden journey in order to fulfill her last wishes. The eldest son breaks his leg, the family has to sell or mortgage practically all it's worldly goods, and Jewel risks his life twice in order to get his mother's body to Jefferson. Why has Disney not snatched up the film making rights to this singular testament to Bundren family's love and dedication? The answer, and the source of my discomfort, is that the Bundren family is awful. They are almost completely and totally defunct. The fact that there is next to no mourning following Addie's death, the most basic tribute a family can give, is only the tip of the iceberg of selfishness which seems to characterize the Bundren family. The trip to Jefferson, a journey which under other circumstances could be seen as a family's noble tribute to a fallen matriarch, was ruined by the selfish motives of most of the family for undertaking the expedition. Dewey Dell wanted to go to get an abortion. Vardaman wanted to go to get some bananas. Anse wanted to go to get a new set of teeth. Cash wanted to purchase a record player. Not only were the motives selfish, but they were utterly transparent. The Bundren's neighbor Tull expresses the absurdity of the situation best when he said, "They would risk the fire and the earth and the water and all just to eat a sack of bananas." (p. 140) Indeed, the last images of the Bundren's as a family (minus Darl) are of them eating bananas out of a sack, and sitting around a record player at home. There were two members of the family, however, with no ulterior motives for going into town. Jewel and Darl seem to have no object in getting to town other than the burial of Addie Bundren. Both Darl and Jewel have special connections with their mother. It is tempting to draw the conclusion that Darl loved his mother the most. He narrated the majority of the chapters in the novel, and as readers we grow most accustomed to his voice. Cora Tull is certainly under impression that Darl loves his mother the most when she says, "it was between her and Darl that the true understanding and the true love was.

Impact of life skills training on HIV and AIDS prevention

This was a qualitative research where data about the implementation were gathered through interviews and focus group discussions with chool principals, teachers and students. A sample of 4 principals, 8 teachers and 64 students was used in the study. Students were assessed on knowledge, attitudes, perceptions and behaviour. Results showed that students exhibited high levels of knowledge of HIV and AIDS issues but their behaviour remained incongruent with this knowledge.The study also revealed that effectiveness of this prevention strategy is reduced due to teachers' perception of this part of the curriculum as secondary, since they concentrate on examinable courses. From the research it was evident that imited resources and conflicting goals in the education system had a negative impact on the programme. The research made clear the need to make the teaching of life skills more practical by exposing students to real life situations through linkages with HIV and AIDS organizations work ing within the community.Key Words: Life skills, Evaluation, Behaviour Change, BACKGROUND AIDS is amongst the leading causes of deaths worldwide and has had insurmountable negative effects on countries, in the socio-cultural, economic and political domains. Different countries have employed different strategies in an effort o combat the devastating effects of HIV and AIDS. Some of these strategies include increased condom availability and use, promotion of abstinence and life skills training amongst the youth in schools and communities.According to The Global Working Group on HIV and AIDS (1998; 8) since HIV infection is invariably the result of human behaviour, change in behaviour has long been understood as essential to curbing the spread of 1 infection. This assertion is corroborated by Gachuhi (1999;iv) who argues that in the absence of a cure, the best way to deal with HIV and AIDS is through prevention by eveloping and/or changing behaviour and values.V prevention nas been app roached trom ditterent angles; most countries nave used primarily or at least included HIV awareness and education as a strategy to combat HIV with the aim of changing people†s perceptions and attitudes as these ultimately influence their behaviour. Therefore the ultimate goal is then to catch them young and create an awareness that can help eradicate the spread of HIV and AIDS. Zimbabwe is amongst the countries that undertook a behaviour change based approach to HIV prevention. As cited on the National AIDS Council (NAC) website ?theBehaviour Change Communication programme started in 2006 after a Comprehensive Review of Behaviour Change as a means of preventing sexual HIV transmission in Zimbabwe. A National Behaviour Change Strategy was then developed after this review with the aim of addressing the major ways of HIV transmission in this country. † It is assumed that between 80 and 90% of infections are due to sexual transmission. Hence, promoting the adoption of safe sexual behaviours remains at the heart of HIV prevention in Zimbabwe (SAfAlDS, 2013).Zimbabwe†s focus was on primary prevention of HIV through behaviour change strategies. It has since recorded a decrease in HIV incidence. In 1997, an estimated 29% of adults were living with HIV in Zimbabwe. One decade later in 2007, that number had fallen to 16%. HIV prevalence in Zimbabwe declined from 23. 2% in 2003 and even further to 14. 3% in 2009. (UNFPA, 2008). Different scholars and analysts have attributed this decline to various factors, resulting in a debate.One such analyst from News From Africa propounded that â€Å"The behavioural changes associated with HIV reduction†mainly reductions in extramarital, commercial, and casual sexual relations, and associated reductions in artner concurrency†appear to have been stimulated primarily by increased awareness of AIDS deaths and secondarily by the countrys economic deterioration. Others have suggested increased mortality du e to poor health service delivery (Leach-Lemens; 2012). There is consensus however that there is indeed a reduction in HIV prevalence in Zimbabwe and that there are indications of behaviour change. The authors conclude that these â€Å"findings provide 2 the first convincing evidence of an HIV decline accelerated by changes in sexual behaviour in a southern African country. † (Gregson et al; 2010). Gachuhi (1999; 10) asserts that young people offer a window of hope in stopping the spread of HIV/AIDS if they have been reached by Life Skills Programmes. This assertion brings out the importance that is placed in a country†s youth as it represents the country†s future.Zimbabwe as a nation identifies with this perspective and has found it laudable to invest in the future of its youth by making it a target group tor H V prevention education. However, the youth are taced with several challenges that also make them vulnerable to HIV. Kalanda (2010;169) asserts that young people have demands and challenges due to their physiological, sychological, social and economic situations. Among these demands and challenges are peer pressure into drug and substance abuse, early sexual debut leading to sexually transmitted diseases (ST's) including HIV.A review by UNICEF (2000) found that life skills education is effective in educating youth on alcohol, tobacco and other drug abuse, nutrition, pregnancy prevention and preventing ST's including HIV. Moya (2002) states that research demonstrates that possessing life skills may be critical to young people's ability to positively adapt to and deal with the demands and challenges of life. According to Kalanda (2010:172) the objective of Life skills and HIV and AIDS education is to empower pupils and their teachers with life skills for HIV prevention, sex and sexuality issues.This coincides with the research conducted for The Global Monitoring Report ?Youth and Skills: Putting education to work† which shows the importance of investing in life skills education in school to ensure children have the confidence and negotiating skills to say no to sex and negotiate condom use. Objectives of the study The study seeks to evaluate the implementation of the life skills and HIV and AIDS ducation programmes in schools as stipulated by the Ministry of Education? The study also seeks to assess the contribution of these life skills training programmes in Zimbabwean schools to HIV prevention.It aims to assess the levels of knowledge about HIV and AIDS, risk perception, attitudes and behaviour of the students in these schools. Challenges that present drawbacks in the implementation of these programmes will hopefully be unearthed as well. 3 Research Questions 1. How is Life skills and HIV and AIDS education perceived as part of the curriculum by both teachers and students in schools? . Is the programme achieving its desired goals of increasing knowledge and decreasing risky behaviour? 3.Do the teachers ass igned for life skills and HIV and AIDS education have the necessary training and material to use in the teaching of this part of the curriculum? 4. What are the challenges faced by the teachers in imparting life skills and HIV and AIDS knowledge? Participants / Sample The sample used in the study consisted of 4 principals, 8 teachers and 64 students. Purposive sampling was used for the selection of principals and teachers for the study from the respective schools. Selection of principals was automatic as the principal of each of the four schools was involved while 2 teachers were selected trom each ot the tour schools.The criterion used to select these teachers was that they were the ones responsible within the school for Life skills and HIV and AIDS education. The students were selected using stratified random sampling; 16 students from each school, 8 from each of the forms four and six as they are about to leave school and enter ?the real world†. There was an equal represent ation for both male and female student participants in the study. Data collection instruments The study employed interviews and focus group discussions as data collection instruments.Interviews were held with the principals and teachers while data from students was generated through focus group discussions. Data Collection Procedure Interviews were held individually with each of the principals and teachers in a bid to maintain confidentiality and promote openness especially since some of the issues could be considered sensitive. Each principal availed time to the researchers for the focus group discussions to be held. The two researchers alternated in the facilitation f data generation from the interviews with the other researcher recording the proceedings.Focus group discussions were conducted for each of the four schools for the sake of convenience and ease of access to the students. Two focus group discussions were held at each of the four schools; one for the girls facilitated b y the female 4 researcher and the other one for the boys facilitated by the male researcher. This allowed for free participation and contribution by students as they identified with a facilitator of their gender. Data analysis Data was analysed thematically according to the main ideas emerging from the nterviews and focus group discussions.RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Results: Demography of participants The students who participated were in forms four and six and with an age range of 16 – 18 years. The sample in terms of gender was comprised of 32 female students and 32 male students. For the principals 3 were male whilst one was female. They all had a first degree as their minimum level of education. All the teachers had a Diploma in Education as their minimum qualification. In addition to the diploma, 5 of the teachers also had a first degree. Knowledge about HIV and AIDS issuesThe students exhibited high levels of knowledge about HIV and AIDS issues. Most students were aware ot the possible me tnods ot transmission ot H V They were able to correctly answer questions on methods of preventing HIV transmission even including ideas of their reliability for example highlighting the disadvantages of condom use even going into an interesting debate about the feasibility and challenges of consistent condom use in or out of marriage. The students indicated that they knew that the best method of prevention from the virus was abstinence before marriage.Basic knowledge about the nature of HIV and AIDS, transmission and prevention appeared to be at their fingertips but when broadened to other areas of sexual reproductive health the level of knowledge significantly reduced. Students were not aware of measures that could be taken to protect their reproductive organs. Boys were better aware of male circumcision because of the national campaign advocating for male circumcision. Even girls were aware of the advantages of male circumcision. Very few (17%) of both boys and gi rls were aware of procedures such as PAP SMEAR for the screening of cervical cancer.Most students were also not well versed with strategies and precautions to be taken during home based care of HIV positive individuals citing that they had never had to deal with an ill person on a personal level. Only a few (36%) had had personal contact and real life experiences of helping to take care of or live in the same household with an HIV positive individual. They agreed though that most did have relatives infected by HIV. Very few students knew what life skills were and what the advantages of learning them were.The few who knew life skills indicated that they had learnt them in other ettings that were not school. They also indicated that their knowledge of life skills was minimal and they were not confident that other could apply these skills to the extent of claiming to possess them. Most of them could only name at most two life skills. Behaviour A significant portion of the students (35% ) indicated that they were sexually active whilst 80% indicated that they knew at least one friend who was sexually active amongst their friends of school-going age.The reasons given by some of them for engaging in sexual activity included; â€Å"Some of us will already have been sexually ctive when we first encounter such programmes so it very difficult to stop. Some have tried to do so but still find themselves engaging again. One feels bad during the period that we will be learning these things but once we finish and with time the feeling fades away. And also it is difficult to convince your boyfriend about such things as abstaining that you would have learnt at school. Some of those who said they were not sexually active stated that they did however fondle with their boyfriends but did not engage in intercourse. Despite displaying nowledge about male circumcision only 5% ot the boys admitted to having been circumcised. They acknowledged the importance but cited that they Just h ad not gotten round to getting it done though they intended to do so. The principals indicated that the number of female students dropping out of school due to teenage pregnancies had decreased significantly over the past ten years.They indicated that the mean number of drop outs was now 2 per year as compared to the 7-8 of previous years. Students' perception of the programme The majority of students (90%) viewed the programme as insignificant citing that ven their teachers did not take it seriously. They conceded however that the material they could potentially learn from the programme was important. They stated that given the pressure they sometimes 6 faced with balancing school work and responsibilities or chores at home there was very little time to concentrate on non-examinable courses, especially since they were approaching final examinations (Ordinary Level).They argued that there was no reason for them to focus on such a course when everywhere they went they also heard abou t HIV and AIDS. One student said â€Å"Why would I risk failing the important ubjects that have to do with my future by concentrating on a subject that I won't even be examined on and will not help me to get a place at high school, university or even a Job. There is no Job where they will ask you if you did life skills. † Another student said: â€Å"Those who are interested in such things Join the AIDS club, that is why it is there. The study revealed that the programme was indeed viewed as being of slight importance. The students also highlighted that it was boring and a waste of time because most of what they learnt about HIV and AIDS they already knew and was like revision to them. Teachers' perceptions of the programme The interviews also revealed that teachers thought that the Life skills and HIV and AIDS education programme was minor as compared to the core subjects they taught. So minor in fact that the implementation of this programme was entirely at the discretion o f the teacher assigned to do so.If the teacher chose not to there were no repercussions on their part. One teacher stated that â€Å"With the state the Zimbabwean economy is in and the fact that teachers are grossly underpaid, we only do the work we absolutely have to do which is teaching the core subjects we are paid to teach. Life skills and HIV and AIDS are extra-curricular and not as important because no one will assess whether you have taught it or not whilst our teaching of core subjects will be reflected in the students' results after examinations. † The study revealed that 7 out of the 8 teachers (87. %) interviewed admitted to never having taught the module seriously as they were not motivated enough to try and change the status quo. The teachers intimated that their perceptions of the programme were also influenced by their administration†s attitude towards the programme. They argued that if the administration was not taking the programme eriously who were the y to do so? Challenges faced by teachers in the implementation of the programme Teachers highlighted a number of issues that according to them hindered the effective implementation of the Life skills and HIV and AIDS programme in their schools.They cited the shortage of or entire lack of material to use in the teaching of Life skills and HIV and AIDS. They mentioned that the only material available was for example a chapter on reproductive sexual health in a biology textbook where they mention HIV and AIDS in passing. They argued that this was not sufficient to comprise a omprehensive syllabus for the entire programme. Life skills were even more challenging to teach as there was no material available and the teachers themselves were not well versed with them.Teachers highlighted that the HIV and AIDS part of the programme was easier to teach since most people had the knowledge and they had been exposed to the subject matter at their teachers† colleges. However life skills were a different matter and they did not have the adequate knowledge about life skills and how to teach them to their students. This presented a challenge in the effective implementation of he programme as teachers tended to focus on the part they were confident about; HIV and AIDS.They conceded that life skills and HIV and AIDS education were an important part of the curriculum but argued that they did not have enough time to teach these as the core subjects and extra-curricular activities such as sports and clubs took up all the students† time. Life skills and HIV and AIDS education was therefore relegated to the AIDS club, membership of which was optional for students. Teachers cited that even the administration viewed the programme as secondary uch that if one tried to teach it seriously and request the material to teach it they were viewed as embarking on a futile attempt to try and change the status quo.They said the schools† administrations were of the perception that there were better things to spend the schools† resources on than the life skills programme. The principals indicated that the resources available to their schools were inadequate and they had to make difficult decisions in order to uphold the integrity and quality of their schools and these included prioritising the core subjects since they were xaminable and had direct impact on the schools† performance rating.Discussion: This paper evaluated the implementation of the life skills and HIV and AIDS programme in Zimbabwean schools based on a number of factors; the expected outcomes of increased 8 knowledge levels and decreased risky behaviour, indicators of behaviour change and perceptions of the programme which would affect acceptance by students and implementation by teachers. Though knowledge levels on basic H d AIDS knowledge was high they are still not high enough.This concurs with the research conducted for The Global Monitoring Report ?Youth and Skills: Putting edu cation to work† which states that tests in fourteen countries in South and East Africa (including Zimbabwe) showed that only 7% of school children in the regions have the desired level of knowledge on HIV and AIDS; and Just 36% have even the minimum level of knowledge. Students† knowledge of life skills is even lower indicating that life skills and HIV and AIDS issues are not being taught well if at all in these schools.Perhaps even the knowledge of HIV and AIDS issues was not as a result of the programme but other sources external to the school. The fact that teachers consider life skills and HIV and AIDS education as extra- curricular indicates that it is side-lined when it should be considered core. Even the students do not attach much value to it citing that it does not assist them to secure a place for further education or a Job.This is without realizing that some people with very good educational qualifications are failing to secure good Jobs due to ill health as a result of bad decisions resulting from a lack of life skills. A major lack of motivation is evident when teachers indicate that they only do what they are paid for. Perhaps even the core subjects are not being taught well for this reason. Incentives have been introduced in schools to attempt to address this lack of motivation but even then these are viewed as inadequate and are different from school to school.Life skills and HIV and AIDS education is perceived by all; administration, teachers and students, as extra-curricular and therefore not very important requiring only a minimal perfunctory browse. If this is how the programme is viewed by the intended implementers there is no way it will be effectively implemented. Concerning teacher ormation and development in the context of HIVAIDS Chamba (2011 suggests that teachers have to be trained in life skills HIV-AIDS education prevention in order to teach HIV- AIDS and also to protect themselves from HIV infections.Recommendations t o improve on implementation of programme The modules on life skills and HIV and AIDS should be made examinable so as to be taken more seriously by both the teachers and the students. 9 The programme should also include the involvement of the students in HIV prevention initiatives through organisations working within the community so as to ive them a more practical bearing of the issues they learn instead of them remaining abstract ideas.Students should be exposed to real life situations where they actually come to a realization of the effects of HIV and AIDS so as to realize the impo rtance ot what they learn. This programme should be planned in such a manner that it runs continuously from primary school into secondary school so that life skills training and HIV and AIDS education are not a once off event but a continuous process providing the necessary reinforcement and revision where necessary. Teachers need to be adequately trained to teach life skills and HIV and AIDS related is sues.The programme needs to be supported practically at all levels, that it the provision of resources by the Ministry of Education and each school administration, consistent evaluation of the programme so as to ensure that it is being implemented as best as is possible. Parents should be involved so that the children are provided with consistent, noncontradictory information and are supported in the endeavour to change or develop healthy sexual behaviours.

Enron Scandal - 1844 Words

THE ENRON SCANDAL FACTS OF THE CASE Enron Corporation was an American energy, commodities, and services company based in Houston, Texas. Enron s predecessor was the Northern Natural Gas Company, which was formed during 1932, in Omaha, Nebraska. It was reorganized during 1979 as the main subsidiary of a holding company, Inter-North which was a diversified energy and energy related products company. During 1985, it bought the smaller and less diversified Houston Natural Gas company. Employed approximately 20,000 staff One of the world s major electricity, natural gas, communications, and pulp and paper companies. Revenues of nearly $40.1 billion. Enron was almost universally considered one of the country s most innovative†¦show more content†¦PROBLEMS OF THE CASE 1. The need for significant reforms in accounting and corporate governance in the United States, as well as for a close look at the ethical quality of the culture of business generally and of business corporations in the United States. 2. A private company like Enron currently hires and pays its own auditors. This again is a conflict of interest built into our legal system because the auditor has an incentive not to issue an unfavorable report on the company that is paying him or her. ALTERNATIVE COURSES OF ACTIONS 1. Current laws and SEC regulations must not allow firms like Arthur Andersen to provide consulting services to a company and then turn around and provide the audited report about the financial results of these consulting activities. 2. And if the first ACA is not applicable, the company should have better financial disclosure mechanisms. Expense claims should be processed properly with an allocated time to properly check the finances and expenses. 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